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The unique
geographical position of Egypt at the junction
between two large continents ( Africa and Asia) and
as part of the Mediterranean basin has indelible
social, economic and biological influences on the
people and the biota of the country. The two major
biogeographical corridors of the Red Sea and the
River Nile have also played an important role in the
ecological relationships affecting the country. The
Red Sea links the tropical seas of the Indian Ocean
in the south with the palearctics in the north,
while the River Nile links equatorial Africa with
the Mediterranean basin. In addition, about 96% of
the area of Egypt ( about one million km2
) is an arid or hyperarid desert, with the remaining
4% of arable land being restricted to the Nile
Valley, the Nile Delta and the few Oases scattered
in the Western Desert. |