(Issued December 2006)

Section I: Air

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. Introduction
. Sources of Pollution
. Harmful Effects of Air Pollution
. Indicators of Ambient Air Quality in Egypt
. Severe Air Pollution Episodes in Cairo Skies
. Most Important Indicators of Ambient Air Quality during 2005
. State Efforts to Curb Air Pollution Risks
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Noise Sources in Egypt and Most Critical Challenges
. Noise Levels in Southern Cairo during 2005
. Subway Noise Levels during 2004/2005
. Harmful Impacts on Man Resulting from Exposure to Noise
. Challenges to Noise-Reducing Programs
. Efforts of the Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs to Combat Noise in 2005
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Threats Facing Egypt Due to Change in Climate
. Egypt’s Role Vis-à-vis the Climate Change Issue
. Clean Development Mechanism
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Chemicals Destructive of the Ozone Layer and their Classification
. Environmental and Health-Related Harms Resulting from Ozone Depletion
. Egyptian Program for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

Section II: Water

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. Introduction
. Water Resources and their Uses in Egypt
. Monitoring Surface and Ground Water Quality
. Sources of Pollution on the River Nile and its Tributaries as well as the Main Canals
. Current Status of Water Quality in Egypt
. Canals and Waterways
. Public Drains
. Ground Water
. Lakes
. Efforts to Overcome Environmental Problems Relating to Lakes and Fresh Water
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Marine and Coastal Zones in the Arab Republic of Egypt
. Pressures and Problems Threatening Coastal and Marine Environment
. Monitoring Coastal Environment Quality
. Marine Fisheries
. Risks Menacing Coastal and Marine Environment
. Measures Taken for the Protection of the Coastal and Marine Environment
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

Section III: Land

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. Introduction
. Current Status of Lands in Egypt
. Major Pressures on Land Resources in Egypt
. Main Challenges To Land Resources in Egypt
. State Efforts in the Area of Fighting Land Degradation
. National Program of Action of the Arab Republic of Egypt Designed to Fight Desertification
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Greater Cairo (Cairo-Giza-Qalyubia) Green Belt
. Afforestation by Using Treated Wastewater
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Strategy for the Conservation of Biodiversity
. Current and Future Protected Areas (Reserves) in Egypt
. Avian Flu
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

Section IV: Urban Environment and Development Activities

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. Introduction
. Electric Energy
. Environmental Problems in the Electricity Generation Sector
. Oil and Gas
. Transport Sector
. State Efforts towards Drawing Utmost Benefit from Available Energy Potential and Capabilities
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Solid Waste Situation in Egypt
. State Efforts to Counter Challenges Posed to Solid Waste Management
. Agricultural Waste
. Efforts of the Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs in Handling Agricultural Waste During 2005
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

. Introduction
. Sources of Generated Hazardous Waste
. Current Status of the Health Care Sector
. Navigation Movement across the Suez Canal of Vessels carrying Hazardous Waste
. State Efforts Regarding Hazardous Substance and Waste Management in Egypt
. Regional and International Role in the Area of Hazardous Waste Management
. Future Plan 2007 - 2012
. References

Annexes

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. Annex (2-1) Noise Levels
. Annex (2-2) Study on Noise Level Measurement
. Annex (2-3) Ministry’s Plan for Noise-Fighting
. Annex (10-1) Recommendations Relevant to Energy and Environment
. Annex (12-1) Hazardous Waste Lists

List of Environment-Related Acronyms

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Contributors

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